Opt out of a face scan at the airport? Easier said than done.

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Opt out of a face scan at the airport? Easier said than done.
Airports and airlines are rapidly adding facial recognition technology to their security processes, whether travelers like it or
not.


Air travel is stressful—from finding the best flight prices to lining up for what feels like hours to get through airport security
before finally squeezing into your ever-shrinking seat on the plane.


The last thing you’d want is to be that person holding everyone up at security emptying your pockets or getting scanned for metal objects,
all under the disapproving gaze of airport security and fellow travelers
behind you.


Your desire to spend as little time as possible going through security is exactly what airports and airlines are betting on when they
ask to scan your face. To discourage you from opting out, they make
choosing not to participate appear disproportionately time-consuming, if
not completely unavailable as an option.


How does facial recognition work at airports?
Airports in the U.S. and a growing number of countries are adopting facial recognition technology with the goal of streamlining security
checks while also collecting and storing biometric data from your face.


Travelers going through a facial recognition scanner.
A facial recognition scanner in Orlando International Airport. Source: Brian Naylor/NPR
The process typically requires you to stand in front of a camera, placing your passport on a scanner so that the machine can see if your
face matches your passport picture. This is supposed to replace manual
passport checks by airport staff, who apparently can’t be trusted to
match the face in your passport with your face in real life…


Why are airports implementing facial recognition?
Facial recognition, and biometric screening at large, was given the green light in the U.S. in 2017 after Donald Trump issued an executive
order allowing airports to implement the technology in ways they see
fit.


The U.S.’s Transportation Security Authority (T.S.A.) argues that biometric technology is required to “meet the challenges of evolving
security threats, rising air travel volumes, resource constraints, and
limits on operational footprint.” Airports outside the U.S. are also
trialing this technology, which could expedite the check-in process and
improve the overall traveler experience.


Some airports have even expanded this technology to incorporate facial recognition at every stage of your departure—the Caribbean island
of Aruba has managed to make check-in, baggage check, immigration, and
boarding dependent on biometric technology. Without any apparent irony,
they have named the process Happy Flow, telling you, “Face it! You will
love it!


Illustration of how Happy Flow works.
Happy Flow uses your face as your passport at almost every stage of your departure. Source: Happy Flow
Why should I worry about facial recognition at airports?
The allure of faster boarding at the airport is strong, and if facial recognition technology shaves minutes off your waiting time,
doesn’t everyone win?


Well, no. Surrendering your biometric data to a system that has dubious biometric confirmation rates and insufficient legal
accountability leaves room for abuse, bias, and the complete invasion of
your personal privacy. Not to mention the very real possibility of this
data being compromised by hackers, as it was in India’s Aadhar ID
database breach and, more infamously, the leaks in U.S. voter databases.


The U.S. currently has no federal oversight on the use of facial recognition, although several cities have banned its use in public
places and lawmakers are trying to place regulations on the technology.
Meanwhile, the federal government is rapidly expanding the technology to
all major airports.


Without holding the T.S.A. and Center for Border Protection (C.B.P.) accountable for their use of facial recognition technology, there are
no limits to how it is implemented in airports, nor are they obligated
to tell travelers how to opt out if they wanted to. There is zero
mention or consideration of how travelers can opt out of the process in
the T.S.A.’s roadmap, which outlines how the agency collects biometric
data.


Can I opt out of facial recognition at the airport?
If you’re an American citizen entering or exiting the U.S., you can opt out of face scans—but this isn’t usually made clear.

Since the technology started appearing in major U.S. airports, anecdotes have been trickling through from travelers who have tried to
opt out. Their stories have uniformly been negative experiences.


One anecdote came from Allie Funk, who wrote about her experience in Wired. After hearing from Delta Airlines that facial recognition would
be used to board passengers, she tried to opt out. There was no
information on how to do so. “To figure out how to [opt out],” she
wrote, “I had to leave the boarding line, speak with a Delta
representative at their information desk, get back in line, then request
a passport scan when it was my turn to board.”


Without clear directions on how to opt out, travelers may not even know that it is a choice—which might explain why only 2% of all Delta
customers opt out.


It’s not just the U.S. Anecdotes from travelers who have attempted to opt out of facial recognition and other biometric systems at airports
from London to Hong Kong attest to how time-consuming the process
is—and how troublesome it makes you appear.


It certainly looks like they want to make it as difficult as possible for passengers to reject a facial scan. And that is if you have
that option. For non-U.S. citizens at U.S. airports, for instance,
compliance with facial scans is mandatory, and photos are stored for up
to 75 years on the C.B.P.’s database. For U.S. citizens, the photos are
stored for 12 hours.


Airports are betting you’ll choose convenience over privacy
Because there is no legal obligation to tell you that you can opt out, nor any outlined procedure for anyone who wishes to do so, aviation
and border authorities are given virtually free rein over how they wish
to proceed with such travelers.

Taken from the CBP’s official page on biometrics. They really want you to think it’s super convenient (and that this is how people really
text each other). Source: C.B.P.

They make it incredibly inconvenient to bypass any kind of biometric security by first putting the burden of opting out on the traveler
(rather than consenting by opting in), then putting them through an even
more arduous and time-consuming security check by border agents. Tech
executive Amber Baldet tweeted her experience of opting out of biometric
scanning, which she said took 30 minutes. The typical traveler doesn’t
always have that much time on hand, and going through such a long check
could mean missing your flight, on top of probably being put on “a
list.”


Biometric scans might very well speed up security checks, but it is only at the cost of giving your biometric data to a government that does
not have to be held accountable as to how they handle it. Speeding up
this stage of security checks will also give agents more time to search
through your phone and social media accounts, or even confiscate your
devices.


The future of facial recognition at airports
From London, Shanghai and Delhi to Tokyo and Hong Kong, airports around the world are now at various stages of implementing facial
recognition systems. With greater biometric data collection becoming the
disturbing new normal, it can be difficult to remain constantly
vigilant about avoiding the face scanner.


We are already seeing glimpses into the future of facial recognition in other countries. Earlier this year, a viral tweet showed a Chinese
airport kiosk successfully ID-ing a traveler and displaying his flight
details and how to get to his gate. The kiosk only needed his face to
give him his flight information.


Wow! China Airport face recognition systems to help you check your flight status and find the way to your gate. Note I did not input
anything, it accurately identified my full flight information from my
face! pic.twitter.com/5ASdrwA7wj


— Matthew Brennan (@mbrennanchina) March 24, 2019

The bottom line: It shouldn’t be this difficult to opt out
Trading privacy for convenience is a bad deal for travelers, and it is one that we don’t appear to have a say in or significantly benefit
from. But because opting out isn’t made easy or seen as available in the
first place, it feels easier to submit, stand in front of the scanner
with your passport, and have your face captured and stored in a
government database. That is precisely how the authorities want you to
feel.


There is little that you can do other than kick up a fuss at security and actively look for ways to opt out. Fight for the Future’s
Airline Privacy site lists airlines that have and have not implemented
facial recognition. The EFF also has an excellent breakdown on how (if
at all) you can opt out of having your face scanned at the airport.

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Posted 04 Dec 2019

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